Who took brewing out of the domestic world?

• A. Guilds of merchants in the 12th century
• B. Monasteries in the 7th or 8th century
• C. Civilian taverns in the 9th century
• D. Ancient universities in the 14th century

Answer: (B)

Brewing moved out of the home when monasteries began organizing the craft within their communities. In the 7th and 8th centuries, monks established dedicated brewhouses, standardized recipes, and kept records, producing beer on a larger, more controlled scale than a household could. This institutional approach turned beer from a domestic staple into a disciplined craft managed by religious communities, laying the groundwork for later widespread brewing traditions. The other options describe later developments or different contexts (trade-focused guilds, urban taverns, or universities) and do not explain the initial shift from household production.